Soda ya Caustic(NaOH) nimwe mubigega byingenzi bigaburira imiti, hamwe numusaruro wumwaka wa 106t.NaOH ikoreshwa muri chimie organic, mu gukora aluminium, mu nganda zimpapuro, mu nganda zitunganya ibiribwa, mu gukora ibikoresho byogajuru, n'ibindi. Soda ya Caustic ni ifatanyabikorwa mu gukora chlorine, 97% byayo umwanya na electrolysis ya sodium chloride.
Soda ya Caustic igira ingaruka zikomeye kubikoresho byinshi byuma, cyane cyane mubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe nubushuhe.Birazwi kuva kera, ariko, nikel yerekana uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya ruswa irwanya soda ya caustic ahantu hose hamwe nubushyuhe, nkuko Ishusho 1 ibigaragaza.Byongeye kandi, usibye kuba hejuru cyane hamwe nubushyuhe, nikel ikingira indwara ya caustic iterwa na stress-ruswa.Icyiciro cya nikel gisanzwe 200 (EN 2.4066 / UNS N02200) hamwe na alloy 201 (EN 2.4068 / UNS N02201) bikoreshwa rero muriki cyiciro cyo kubyara soda ya caustic, bisaba kurwanya ruswa cyane.Cathodes muri selile ya electrolysis ikoreshwa mugikorwa cya membrane ikozwe mumabati ya nikel.Ibice byo hasi byo kwibanda kuri alcool nabyo bikozwe muri nikel.Bakora bakurikije ihame ryimyuka myinshi cyane hamwe na firime zigwa.Muri ibi bice nikel ikoreshwa muburyo bwigituba cyangwa amabati kugirango bahindure ubushyuhe mbere yo guhumeka, nkimpapuro cyangwa amasahani yambaye ibice byabanjirije guhumeka, no mumiyoboro yo gutwara igisubizo cya soda ya caustic.Ukurikije umuvuduko, umuvuduko wa soda ya caustic (igisubizo cya supersaturated) urashobora gutera isuri kumiyoboro ihinduranya ubushyuhe, bigatuma biba ngombwa kuyisimbuza nyuma yigihe cyimyaka 2-5.Igikoresho cyo kugwa-firime ikoreshwa mugutanga soda yibanze cyane, anhydrous caustic soda.Mubikorwa byo kugwa-firime byakozwe na Bertrams, umunyu ushongeshejwe ku bushyuhe bwa dogere 400 ° C ukoreshwa nkubushyuhe.Hano imiyoboro ikozwe muri karubone nkeya ya nikel alloy 201 (EN 2.4068 / UNS N02201) igomba gukoreshwa kubera ko ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 315 ° C (600 ° F) karuboni nyinshi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru rwa nikel isanzwe ya 200 (EN 2.4066 / UNS N02200 ) irashobora gushikana imvura igwa kumupaka wingano.
Nickel nibikoresho byatoranijwe byubaka kubutaka bwa soda ya caustic aho ibyuma bya austenitike bidashobora gukoreshwa.Imbere yumwanda nka chlorate cyangwa ibibyimba bya sulferi - cyangwa mugihe hakenewe imbaraga nyinshi - ibikoresho birimo chromium nka alloy 600 L (EN 2.4817 / UNS N06600) bikoreshwa mubihe bimwe.Ikindi gishimishije cyane kubidukikije bya caustic ni chromium ndende irimo amavuta 33 (EN 1.4591 / UNS R20033).Niba ibyo bikoresho bigomba gukoreshwa, bigomba kwemezwa ko imikorere yimikorere idashobora gutera ihungabana-ruswa.
Alloy 33 (EN 1.4591 / UNS R20033) yerekana uburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya ruswa muri 25 na 50% NaOH kugeza aho itetse no muri 70% NaOH kuri 170 ° C.Iyi mavuta kandi yerekanye imikorere myiza mugupima umurima mubihingwa byatewe na soda ya caustic biva mubikorwa bya diaphragm.39 Igicapo 21 kirerekana bimwe mubisubizo byerekeranye nubunini bwiyi nzoga ya diaphragm caustic, yari yandujwe na chloride na chlorate.Kugera kuri 45% NaOH, ibikoresho bivanze 33 (EN 1.4591 / UNS R20033) na nikel alloy 201 (EN 2.4068 / UNS N2201) byerekana imbaraga zidasanzwe.Hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe hamwe na concentration alloy 33 iba ikomeye cyane kuruta nikel.Rero, nkibisubizo bya chromium yuzuye ibinini 33 bisa nkaho ari byiza gukemura ibisubizo bya caustic hamwe na chloride na hypochlorite biva muri diaphragm cyangwa selile selile.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-21-2022