Kugeza ubu, ingano yo gukoresha polyethylene mu gihugu cyanjye ni nini, kandi gushyira mu byiciro by'amoko yo hepfo biragoye kandi bigurishwa cyane cyane ku bakora ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki.Nibintu byanyuma byigice murwego rwo hasi rwinganda za Ethylene.Hamwe n'ingaruka ziterwa no kwibanda ku karere mu gukoresha ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu, itangwa ry’akarere n’ibisabwa ntibisanzwe.
Hamwe no kongera ingufu mu kongera umusaruro w’ibikorwa by’ibicuruzwa bitanga umusaruro wa polyethylene mu gihugu cyanjye mu myaka yashize, uruhande rutanga isoko rwiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara.Muri icyo gihe kandi, bitewe n’iterambere rikomeje kwiyongera ry’umusaruro n’imibereho y’abaturage, icyifuzo cyabo kuri bo cyiyongereye mu myaka yashize.Ariko, kuva igice cya kabiri cya 2021, ibintu mpuzamahanga byarahemutse kandi birahinduka.Ikwirakwizwa ry’icyorezo n’intambara zaho byatumye habaho ubusumbane muri gahunda mpuzamahanga y’ingufu-imari.gusenyuka.Ubwiyongere budashidikanywaho mu bukungu bwa macro bwatumye imyumvire y’abaturage ikoreshwa mu rwego rwo kwitonda.Muri iki gihe, ingaruka n’ibibazo byugarije iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa bya polyethylene nabyo birakabije.
Umubare wabaturage niterambere ryubukungu bigena isaranganya ryimikoreshereze ya PE.Dufatiye ku turere dukoresha ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, Ubushinwa bw'Uburasirazuba, Ubushinwa bw'Amajyepfo, n'Ubushinwa bw'Amajyaruguru ni byo bihugu bikoreshwa cyane mu gukoresha polyethylene mu gihugu cyanjye, kandi bizakomeza kuba bitatu bya mbere mu bijyanye no gukoresha mu gihe kirekire kiri imbere.Ariko, hamwe nogukomeza gutangiza ibikoresho bishya byumusaruro mugihe kiri imbere, biteganijwe ko ikinyuranyo cyibicuruzwa mubice bitatu byingenzi bikoreshwa bizagabanuka kurwego runaka.Biteganijwe ko ibi bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kubitangwa nibisabwa hamwe nibicuruzwa biva mu turere twinshi.Twabibutsa kandi ko nubwo umubare w’ibikenerwa bikenerwa mu karere k’iburengerazuba ari muto ugereranije n’Ubushinwa bw’Uburasirazuba, Ubushinwa bw’Amajyepfo, n’Ubushinwa bw’Amajyaruguru, bitewe na politiki y’imbere mu gihugu nka “Umukandara umwe, Umuhanda umwe” na “Iterambere ry’iburengerazuba”, imikoreshereze yo hasi ya polyethylene mukarere ka burengerazuba iziyongera mugihe kizaza.Hariho kwiyongera kwitezwe, cyane cyane kubikorwa remezo bikenerwa n’ibicuruzwa biyobowe nu miyoboro, kandi icyifuzo cyo guterwa inshinge n’ibicuruzwa bizunguruka bizanwa no gukomeza kuzamura imibereho myiza biragaragara.
Noneho, ukurikije ubwoko bwibiryo bikoreshwa mugihe kiri imbere, ni ubuhe bwoko bw'iterambere ritegerejweho ubwoko bwibanze bwa polyethylene buzagira?
Kugeza ubu, inzira nyamukuru yo gukoresha polyethylene mu gihugu cyanjye harimo firime, gushushanya inshinge, umuyoboro, umwobo, gushushanya insinga, umugozi, metallocene, gutwikira hamwe nandi moko yingenzi.
Uwa mbere kwihanganira ibintu byinshi, igice kinini cyo gukoresha hasi ni firime.Ku nganda zikora firime, inzira nyamukuru ni firime yubuhinzi, firime yinganda na firime ipakira ibicuruzwa.Nyamara, mu myaka yashize, ibintu nko kubuza imifuka ya pulasitike no kugabanuka gukenewe kwinshi kubera icyorezo byagiye bibabaza inshuro nyinshi, kandi bahura n’ibibazo biteye isoni.Icyifuzo cyibicuruzwa bisanzwe bya firime byajugunywe bizasimburwa buhoro buhoro no gukundwa kwa plastiki yangirika.Abakora amafilime benshi nabo bahura nudushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, kandi bagenda batera imbere buhoro buhoro bagana amafilime yinganda zisubirwamo kandi zifite ubuziranenge n’imikorere.Ariko, kubera kwangirika kwa firime ya plastike yangiritse, haribisabwa cyane kubipfunyika hanze, cyangwa gukenera firime zipakira hanze zigomba kubikwa igihe kirekire kirenze igihe cyo kwangirika, kandi firime zinganda nizindi nzego ziracyasimburwa, ibicuruzwa bya firime rero bizakomeza gukoreshwa.Yabayeho nkibicuruzwa nyamukuru bimanuka munsi ya polyethylene igihe kirekire, ariko hashobora kubaho umuvuduko mukuzamuka kwikoreshwa no kugabanuka kwikigereranyo.
Byongeye kandi, inganda nko kubumba inshinge, imiyoboro, hamwe n’imyobo bifitanye isano rya bugufi n’umusaruro n’ubuzima bizakomeza kuba ibicuruzwa by’ibanze by’abaguzi munsi ya polyethylene mu myaka mike iri imbere, kandi bizakomeza kwiganjemo ibikorwa remezo, ibikenerwa buri munsi, ndetse n’abaturage. ibikoresho n'ibikoresho.Imibereho yabantu ifitanye isano nibicuruzwa biramba, kandi ibyifuzo byo kwangirika kwibicuruzwa biragabanuka.Kugeza ubu, ikibazo nyamukuru gihura n’inganda zavuzwe haruguru ni uko umuvuduko w’iterambere ry’urwego rutimukanwa wahagaze mu myaka yashize.Bitewe nibintu nkibitekerezo bibi kubitekerezo byabaturage bikoreshwa n’ibyorezo byinshi, iterambere ry’inganda zikora ibicuruzwa rihura n’ikibazo cyo guhangana n’iterambere.Kubwibyo, impinduka mukigereranyo cyigihe gito iragereranijwe, kandi ntabwo ihindurwa nibicuruzwa bitesha agaciro.Inganda zikoreshwa mu miyoboro zishobora kwibasirwa na politiki, mu gihe kubumba inshinge n’ibicuruzwa bitagira umumaro byibasirwa n’imyumvire y’abaturage, kandi umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere uzagabanuka mu gihe kiri imbere.birashoboka.
Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya siyanse nubuhanga, guhanga abantu no guhanga udushya mubicuruzwa bya pulasitike, hamwe no guhanga ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa nibisabwa ku bicuruzwa byabigenewe nabyo birahora bitera imbere.Kubwibyo, mugihe kizaza, inganda zikora plastike zizongera ibyifuzo byibikoresho bimwe na bimwe biteza imbere imikorere yibicuruzwa bya pulasitike, nka metallocène, plastike zizunguruka, ibikoresho byo gutwikira hamwe nibindi bicuruzwa byongerewe agaciro cyangwa ibicuruzwa bifite ibisabwa byihariye mubice byihariye .Byongeye kandi, bitewe n’umusaruro wibanze w’inganda zitunganya polyethylene mu myaka yashize, bikaviramo ihinduka rikomeye ry’ibicuruzwa, kandi amakimbirane hagati y’Uburusiya na Ukraine mu mwaka yatumye ibiciro bya peteroli byiyongera ku nyungu ziva muri Ethylene, ndetse n’izamuka ry’ibiciro no gutanga byavuyemo ibicuruzwa bikomeye ubutinganyi.Muri iki gihe, abakora polyethylene baragenda barushaho gukora cyane mu gukora ibicuruzwa byongerewe agaciro nka metallocène, kubumba kuzunguruka, no gutwikira, bijyanye n’iterambere ry’inganda zo hasi.Kubwibyo, umuvuduko wubwiyongere bwibicuruzwa urashobora kwiyongera kurwego runaka mugihe kizaza.
Byongeye kandi, nkuko icyorezo gikomeza inshuro nyinshi, kimwe nubushakashatsi niterambere ryibicuruzwa bishya byakozwe nababikora, fibre polyethylene, ibikoresho byubuvuzi nibirinda ibikoresho byihariye nabyo birakurikiranwa buhoro buhoro kandi bitezwa imbere, kandi ibyifuzo bizaza nabyo biziyongera buhoro buhoro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-06-2022