Gukoresha soda ya caustic ikubiyemo imirima myinshi.

Soda ya Caustic irashobora kugabanywamo soda ya flake, soda ya granula na soda ikomeye ukurikije imiterere yabyo. Gukoresha soda ya caustic ikubiyemo imirima myinshi, ibikurikira nintangiriro irambuye kuri wewe:

1. Ibikomoka kuri peteroli.

Nyuma yo kozwa na acide sulfurike, ibikomoka kuri peteroli biracyafite ibintu bimwe na bimwe bya aside, bigomba gukaraba hamwe na hydroxide ya sodium hanyuma bigakaraba n'amazi kugirango ubone ibicuruzwa byiza.

2. gucapa no gusiga irangi

Ahanini ikoreshwa mumarangi ya indigo hamwe namabara ya quinone. Muburyo bwo gusiga amarangi ya vat, hagomba gukoreshwa igisubizo cya soda ya caustic na sodium hydrosulfite kugirango bigabanuke kuri acide ya leuco, hanyuma bigahinduka okiside kuri reta yambere idashobora gushonga hamwe na okiside nyuma yo gusiga irangi.

Nyuma yigitambara cya pamba kivuwe numuti wa soda ya caustic, ibishashara, amavuta, ibinyamisogwe nibindi bintu bitwikiriye umwenda w ipamba birashobora gukurwaho, kandi mugihe kimwe, urumuri rwimyenda rwimyenda rushobora kwiyongera kugirango irangi ribe kimwe .

3. Fibre fibre

1) .Inyandiko

Imyenda y'ipamba n'igitambara bivurwa hamwe na sodium hydroxide yibanze (soda ya caustic) kugirango bitezimbere fibre. Fibre yakozwe n'abantu nka rayon, rayon, rayon, nibindi, ni fibre ya viscose. Bikorewe muri selile (nka pulp), hydroxide ya sodium, na karubone disulfide (CS2) nkibikoresho fatizo byo gukora amavuta ya viscose, aterwa, bikozwe na kondegene.

2). Viscose fibre

Ubwa mbere, koresha 18-20% ya caustic soda yumuti kugirango utere selile kugirango uyigire selile alkali, hanyuma wumishe kandi ujanjagure selile ya alkali, wongeremo karubone, hanyuma amaherezo ushonga sulfonate hamwe na lye ya dilute kugirango ubone viscose. Nyuma yo kuyungurura no gukurura (gukuramo umwuka mubi), irashobora gukoreshwa mukuzunguruka.

4. Gukora impapuro

Ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora impapuro ni ibiti cyangwa ibyatsi, birimo umubare utari muto wa selile (lignin, gum, nibindi) usibye selile. Sodium hydroxide ikoreshwa mugusobanura, kandi iyo lignin yo mu giti ikuweho hashobora kuboneka fibre. Ibice bitari selile birashobora gushonga no gutandukanywa hongerwamo sodium hydroxide yumuti, kugirango pulp hamwe na selile nkibice byingenzi bishobora kuboneka.

5. Kunoza ubutaka hamwe nindimu.

Mu butaka, ikirere cy’imyunyu ngugu nacyo gishobora kubyara aside bitewe no gukora acide kama nkuko ibinyabuzima byangirika. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda nka ammonium sulfate na ammonium chloride nabyo bizatuma ubutaka bwa acide. Gukoresha ingano ikwiye irashobora gutesha agaciro aside irike mu butaka, bigatuma ubutaka bukwiranye no gukura kw ibihingwa no guteza imbere imyororokere mikorobe. Ubwiyongere bwa Ca2 + mu butaka bushobora guteza imbere guhuza ubutaka bwa koleoide, bifasha mu gukora igiteranyo, kandi icyarimwe gishobora gutanga calcium ikenewe mu mikurire y’ibihingwa.

6. Inganda zikora imiti na reagent.

Mu nganda zikora imiti, soda ya caustic ikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma bya sodiumi namazi ya electrolyzing. Caustic soda cyangwa ivu rya soda bikoreshwa mugukora imyunyu ngugu myinshi, cyane cyane mugutegura umunyu wa sodiumi (nka borax, sodium silike, sodium fosifate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, nibindi). Caustic soda cyangwa soda ivu nayo ikoreshwa muguhuza amarangi, ibiyobyabwenge hamwe nabahuza.

7. reberi, uruhu

1). Silica

Icyambere: kora ikirahuri cyamazi (Na2O.mSO2) ukoresheje hydroxide ya sodium hamwe nubutare bwa quartz (SiO2)

Icya kabiri: reba ikirahuri cyamazi hamwe na acide sulfurike, aside hydrochloric, na dioxyde de carbone kugirango ubyare umukara wa karubone yera (dioxyde de silicon)

Silica yavuzwe hano nigikoresho cyiza gishimangira reberi karemano na reberi

2). Kongera gukoresha reberi ishaje

Mu gutunganya ibishaje bishaje, ifu ya reberi yabanjirijwe n'umuti wa sodium hydroxide, hanyuma bigatunganywa

3). Uruhu

Uruganda: uburyo bwo gutunganya imyanda yimyanda iva mu ruhu, kuruhande rumwe, hagati yintambwe zombi za sodium sulfide yamazi yumuti wokunywa no kongeramo imiti yifu ya lime muburyo bwo kwaguka kwariho, gukoresha uburemere bwa tare byiyongereyeho 0.3-0.5. % 30% sodium hydroxide yo kuvura igisubizo ituma fibre yimpu yaguka byimazeyo, yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa, kandi ikazamura ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byarangiye.

8. metallurgie, amashanyarazi

Mu nganda zibyuma, akenshi birakenewe guhindura ibintu bikora mumabuye mo umunyu wa sodium ushonga kugirango ukureho umwanda udashonga. Kubwibyo, akenshi birakenewe kongeramo ivu rya soda (nayo ni flux), kandi rimwe na rimwe soda ya caustic nayo irakoreshwa.

9.ibindi bice byuruhare

1). Hariho imikorere ibiri ya ceramic caustic soda mugukora ubukorikori. Ubwa mbere, soda ya caustic ikoreshwa nka diluent mugikorwa cyo kurasa ceramics. Icya kabiri, ubuso bwibumba byabugenewe bizashushanywa cyangwa bikabije. Isukure hamwe na caustic soda igisubizo Hanyuma, kora ubuso bwa ceramic.

2). Mu nganda zikoreshwa mubikoresho, ikoreshwa nka aside itabogamye, decolorizer na deodorizer. Inganda zifatika zikoreshwa nka krahisi gelatinizer na neutizer. Irashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gukuramo, gushushanya amabara hamwe na deodorizing ya citrus, pach, nibindi.