Muri Afurika, ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike byinjiye mu bice byose by'ubuzima bw'abantu. Ibikoresho bya pulasitiki, nk'ibikombe, amasahani, ibikombe, ibiyiko n'amashanyarazi, bikoreshwa cyane mu bigo byo muri Afurika byo kuriramo ndetse no mu ngo kubera igiciro cyabyo gito, cyoroheje kandi kitavunika.Haba mu mujyi cyangwa mu cyaro, ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bigira uruhare runini. Mu mujyi, ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bitanga ibyoroshye kubuzima bwihuta; Mu cyaro, ibyiza byayo bigoye gucika nigiciro gito biragaragara cyane, kandi bibaye ihitamo ryambere ryimiryango myinshi.Usibye ibikoresho byo kumeza, intebe za pulasitike, indobo za pulasitike, POTS ya plastike nibindi bishobora kugaragara ahantu hose. Ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike byazanye ubuzima bwiza bwa buri munsi bwabaturage ba Afrika, kuva mububiko bwurugo kugeza kumurimo wa buri munsi, ibikorwa byabo byagaragaye neza.
Nijeriya ni rimwe mu masoko akomeye yohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa. Mu 2022, Ubushinwa bwohereje ibicuruzwa muri miliyari 148.51 muri Nijeriya, muri byo ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bikaba byari bifite igice kinini.
Icyakora, mu myaka yashize, guverinoma ya Nijeriya yazamuye imisoro ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga mu rwego rwo kurinda inganda zaho, harimo n’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki. Nta gushidikanya ko iri vugurura rya politiki ryazanye imbogamizi nshya ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu Bushinwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, kongera ibiciro byoherezwa mu mahanga no gutuma irushanwa ku isoko rya Nijeriya rikomera.
Muri icyo gihe kandi, umubare munini w’abaturage ba Nijeriya n’ubukungu bwiyongera na byo bivuze ko isoko rinini cyane, mu gihe mu gihe ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bishobora kwitabira ku buryo bwumvikana impinduka z’imisoro, guhindura imiterere y’ibicuruzwa no kugenzura ibiciro, biteganijwe ko bizagera ku bikorwa byiza ku isoko ry’igihugu.
Muri 2018, Alijeriya yatumije mu mahanga ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga miliyari 47.3 z'amadolari, muri byo miliyari 2 z'amadolari akaba yari plastiki, bingana na 4.4% by'ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga, Ubushinwa bukaba ari kimwe mu bitanga isoko nyamukuru.
Nubwo ibiciro bya Alijeriya bitumizwa mu bicuruzwa bya pulasitike biri hejuru cyane, isoko rihamye rikomeje gukurura inganda zohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa. Ibi birasaba ibigo gukora cyane mukugenzura ibiciro no gutandukanya ibicuruzwa, mugutezimbere umusaruro, kugabanya ibiciro, no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bifite imiterere n’ibishushanyo byihariye kugira ngo bahangane n’igitutu cy’ibiciro biri hejuru kandi bagumane uruhare rwabo ku isoko rya Alijeriya.
"Ibarura ry’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bya Macro biva mu karere kugeza ku isi" byasohotse mu kinyamakuru cyemewe cyitwa Nature kigaragaza ukuri gukomeye: Ibihugu bya Afurika bihura n’ibibazo bikomeye mu byuka bihumanya ikirere. Nubwo Afurika ifite 7% gusa by’umusaruro w’amashyanyarazi ku isi, uragaragara cyane ku bijyanye n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. hamwe n'iki kibazo, ibihugu by'Afurika byitabiriye icyifuzo cyo kurengera ibidukikije ku isi kandi bitanga itegeko ribuza plastike.
Nko mu 2004, igihugu gito cyo muri Afurika yo hagati cy’u Rwanda cyafashe iya mbere, kibaye igihugu cya mbere ku isi kibujije burundu ibicuruzwa bya pulasitike bikoreshwa rimwe gusa, kandi byongera ibihano mu 2008, bivuga ko kugurisha imifuka ya pulasitike bizahanishwa igifungo. Kuva icyo gihe, uyu muhengeri wo kurengera ibidukikije wahise ukwirakwira ku mugabane wa Afurika, kandi Eritereya, Senegali, Kenya, Tanzaniya ndetse n’ibindi bihugu byinjira mu bihugu by’ibihugu by’Uburayi. mu myaka yashize, mu bihugu birenga 50 byo muri Afurika, kimwe cya gatatu cy’ibihugu n’uturere byashyizeho itegeko ribuza ikoreshwa rya plastiki imwe rukumbi. Ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa plastiki gakondo byangije byinshi ku bidukikije kubera ko bigoye gutesha agaciro ibiranga ibidukikije, bityo bikaba byibanze ku bikorwa byo guhagarika plastike byangiritse kandi byahindutse byanze bikunze iterambere ry’ejo hazaza. Plastiki yangirika irashobora kubora mubintu bitagira ingaruka binyuze mubikorwa bya mikorobe mu bidukikije, ibyo bikaba bigabanya cyane ihumana ry’ibidukikije nk’ubutaka n’amazi. Ku mishinga yohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa mu mahanga, ibyo ni ikibazo kandi ni amahirwe adasanzwe. Ku ruhande rumwe, ibigo bigomba gushora imari n’ingufu n’ubuhanga, ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ndetse n’umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki byangirika, nta gushidikanya ko byongera igiciro n’ibipimo bya tekiniki by’ibicuruzwa; Ariko ku rundi ruhande, ku mishinga ibanza kumenya ikoranabuhanga ry'umusaruro wa plastiki yangirika kandi ifite ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge, aya azababera amahirwe akomeye yo kubona inyungu nyinshi zo guhatanira isoko rya Afurika no gufungura isoko rishya.
Byongeye kandi, Afurika irerekana kandi inyungu zikomeye zavutse mubijyanye no gutunganya plastike. Hariho urubyiruko ninshuti byabashinwa hamwe kugirango bakusanyirize ibihumbi magana yu yu mari shingiro yo gutangiza, bagiye muri Afrika gushinga uruganda rutunganya plastike, agaciro k’umusaruro ngarukamwaka w’uruganda rugera kuri miliyoni 30, rukaba uruganda runini mu nganda zimwe muri Afurika.Birashobora kugaragara ko isoko rya plastike muri Afurika rikiri mu bihe biri imbere!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-29-2024