Abacuruzi bo mu mahanga nyamuneka reba: amabwiriza mashya muri Mutarama!

Komisiyo ishinzwe imisoro ya gasutamo mu Nama ya Leta yatanze gahunda yo kugenzura ibiciro 2025. Gahunda yubahiriza imvugo rusange yo gushaka iterambere mu gihe ikomeza kubungabunga umutekano, kwagura ubwigenge no kwishyira ukizana ku buryo bumwe, kandi igahindura igipimo cy’ibiciro bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa by’ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe. Nyuma yo guhinduka, urwego rusange rw’ibiciro by’Ubushinwa ntiruzahinduka kuri 7.3%. Gahunda izashyirwa mu bikorwa guhera ku ya 1 Mutarama 2025.

Mu rwego rwo guharanira iterambere ry’inganda n’iterambere ry’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga, mu 2025, hiyongereyeho ibintu byo mu rwego rw’igihugu nk'imodoka zitwara abagenzi zitwara amashanyarazi meza, ibihumyo bya eryngii, spodumene, Ethane, n'ibindi, kandi hazagaragazwa amazina y'ibintu by'imisoro nk'amazi ya cocout n'inyongeramusaruro y'ibiryo. Nyuma yo guhinduka, umubare wibicuruzwa byose ni 8960.
Muri icyo gihe, mu rwego rwo guteza imbere gahunda y’imisoro y’ubumenyi n’ubuziranenge, mu 2025, hazongerwaho andi magambo mashya y’imitwe yo mu rugo nka Nori yumye, imiti ya karburizasi, n’imashini zitera inshinge, kandi hagaragazwa ibisobanuro ku mitwe yo mu rugo nk'inzoga, ibiti bikoreshwa na karuboni, ndetse no gucapa amashyuza bizashyirwa mu bikorwa.

Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi ikomeza ivuga, hakurikijwe ingingo z’amategeko agenga kugenzura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihugu cy’Ubushinwa n’andi mategeko n'amabwiriza, mu rwego rwo kubungabunga umutekano w’igihugu n’inyungu no kuzuza inshingano mpuzamahanga nko kudakwirakwiza, hafashwe icyemezo cyo gushimangira igenzura ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga by’ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa muri Amerika. Ibibazo bireba byatangajwe kuburyo bukurikira:
(1) Birabujijwe kohereza ibintu bibiri-bikoreshwa kubakoresha igisirikare cya Amerika cyangwa mubikorwa bya gisirikare birabujijwe.
Ihame, gallium, germanium, antimony, ibikoresho bya superhard bijyanye nibintu bibiri bikoreshwa ntibyemewe kohereza muri Amerika; Shyira mu bikorwa amaherezo-ukoresha no kurangiza-gukoresha ibicuruzwa byoherezwa muri grafite ya kabiri ikoreshwa muri Amerika.
Ishirahamwe iryo ari ryo ryose cyangwa umuntu ku giti cye ukomoka mu gihugu cyangwa akarere kose, mu buryo bunyuranyije n’ingingo zavuzwe haruguru, kwimura cyangwa gutanga ibintu bifitanye isano n’imikoreshereze ibiri ikomoka muri Repubulika y’Ubushinwa muri Amerika bizabiryozwa n'amategeko.

Ku ya 29 Ukuboza 2024, Ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo bwatangaje icyiciro gishya cy’ingamba 16 zo gushyigikira iterambere ry’akarere ka Yangtze River Delta, hibandwa ku bintu bitanu: gushyigikira iterambere ry’umusaruro mushya w’ubuziranenge, guteza imbere igabanuka ry’ibiciro no gukora neza mu bikoresho, gushyiraho urwego rw’ubucuruzi rwo mu rwego rwo hejuru ku byambu, kurinda byimazeyo umutekano w’igihugu no guteza imbere uburinganire rusange n’amazi.

Mu rwego rwo kurushaho kunoza imicungire y’ibitabo by’ibikoresho no guteza imbere ubuziranenge bw’ubucuruzi bw’ibikoresho by’ibicuruzwa, Ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo bwafashe icyemezo cyo gushyira mu bikorwa imicungire y’ibitabo by’ibikoresho biva mu mahanga kuva ku ya 1 Mutarama 2025.

Ku ya 20 Ukuboza 2024, Ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe kugenzura imari cyasohoye ingamba z’ubugenzuzi n’imiyoborere y’amasosiyete y’ubwishingizi bw’inguzanyo zoherezwa mu Bushinwa byoherezwa mu mahanga (mu magambo ahinnye yiswe Ingamba), agaragaza amabwiriza asobanutse neza agenga amasosiyete y’ubwishingizi bw’inguzanyo yohereza mu mahanga mu bijyanye n’imiterere y’imikorere, imiyoborere y’ibigo, imicungire y’ingaruka, gukumira no gukumira ingaruka, kugenzura no gucunga, ndetse no kurushaho gushimangira. Kunoza igenzura ryimbere.
Izi ngamba zizatangira gukurikizwa ku ya 1 Mutarama 2025.

Ku ya 11 Ukuboza 2024, Ibiro by’uhagarariye ubucuruzi muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika byasohoye itangazo rivuga ko nyuma y’imyaka ine isuzumwa n’ubuyobozi bwa Biden, Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zizamura imisoro ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga ku mashanyarazi y’izuba, polysilicon ndetse n’ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bya tungsten byatumijwe mu Bushinwa guhera mu ntangiriro z'umwaka utaha.
Igipimo cy’amahoro kuri wafer ya silicon na polysilicon kizongerwa kugera kuri 50%, naho igiciro cy’ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bya tungsten kiziyongera kugera kuri 25%. Iyongera ry'amahoro rizatangira gukurikizwa ku ya 1 Mutarama 2025.

Ku ya 28 Ukwakira 2024, Minisiteri y’imari ya Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika yasohoye ku mugaragaro Itegeko rya nyuma rigabanya ishoramari ry’amasosiyete y'Abanyamerika mu Bushinwa ("Amategeko yerekeye ishoramari ry’Amerika mu ikoranabuhanga ryihariye ry’umutekano n’ibicuruzwa mu bihugu bireba"). Gushyira mu bikorwa "Igisubizo ku ishoramari ry’Amerika mu ikoranabuhanga ry’umutekano n’ibicuruzwa by’ibihugu bimwe na bimwe bireba" byashyizweho umukono na Perezida Biden ku ya 9 Kanama 2023 (Iteka nyobozi 14105, "Iteka nyobozi").
Itegeko rya nyuma rizatangira gukurikizwa ku ya 2 Mutarama 2025.
Aya mabwiriza afatwa nk’ingamba zingenzi kuri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika kugabanya umubano wa hafi n’Ubushinwa mu rwego rw’ikoranabuhanga rikomeye, kandi ukaba uhangayikishijwe cyane n’umuryango w’ishoramari n’inganda z’ikoranabuhanga rikomeye ku isi kuva yatangira.