Abakora ubucuruzi bw'amahanga nyamuneka murebe: amabwiriza mashya muri Mutarama!

Komisiyo y’Imisoro ya Gasutamo mu Nama ya Leta yashyizeho Gahunda yo Kuvugurura Imisoro ya 2025. Gahunda ikurikiza imiterere rusange yo gushaka iterambere mu gihe ikomeza gutuza, yagura uburyo bwo gufungura ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwigenga kandi buhuriweho n’abantu ku giti cyabo mu buryo bunoze, kandi ihindura imisoro ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe biva mu mahanga n’imisoro. Nyuma yo kuvugurura, urwego rw’imisoro muri rusange rw’Ubushinwa ruzagumaho kuri 7.3%. Gahunda izatangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa guhera ku ya 1 Mutarama 2025.

Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere inganda n’iterambere rya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga, muri 2025, hazongerwamo ibintu bito ku rwego rw’igihugu nk’imodoka zitwara abagenzi zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibihumyo bya eryngii byo mu macupa, spodumene, ethane, nibindi, kandi amazina y’ibicuruzwa bisoreshwa nk’amazi y’ibitoki n’ibindi biryo bizatunganywa neza. Nyuma yo guhindurwa, umubare w’ibicuruzwa bisoreshwa ni 8960.
Muri icyo gihe, kugira ngo hatezwe imbere uburyo bwa siyansi n’ubusanzwe bwo gusoresha, muri 2025, hazongerwamo ibisobanuro bishya ku mitwe mito yo mu gihugu nka nori yumye, ibikoresho bya kaburimbo, n’imashini zikora inshinge, kandi hazongerwamo ibisobanuro ku mitwe mito yo mu gihugu nka alcool, wood activated carbon, na thermal printing.

Nk’uko Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi ibivuga, hakurikijwe ingingo zijyanye n’Itegeko ryo Kugenzura Kohereza Ibicuruzwa mu Mahanga rya Repubulika y’Abaturage y’Ubushinwa n’andi mategeko n’amabwiriza, kugira ngo habeho kurengera umutekano w’igihugu n’inyungu zacyo no kuzuza inshingano mpuzamahanga nko kudakwirakwiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, hafashwe icyemezo cyo gushimangira uburyo bwo kugenzura kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bikoreshwa inshuro ebyiri muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Ingingo zijyanye n’ibyo zitangazwa ni izi zikurikira:
(1) Kohereza ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa kabiri ku bakoresha igisirikare cya Amerika cyangwa ku mpamvu za gisirikare birabujijwe.
Muri rusange, gallium, germanium, antimoni, ibikoresho bikomeye bifitanye isano n’ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu buryo bubiri ntibyemewe koherezwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika; Shyira mu bikorwa isuzuma rikomeye ry’abakoresha n’abakoresha mu buryo bubiri ku bijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa bya grafiti muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Umuryango uwo ari wo wose cyangwa umuntu uwo ari we wese ukomoka mu gihugu cyangwa mu karere, unyuranyije n'ingingo zavuzwe haruguru, wohereza cyangwa utanga ibintu bikoreshwa inshuro ebyiri bikomoka muri Repubulika y'Abaturage y'Ubushinwa muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, azabazwa mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko.

Ku ya 29 Ukuboza 2024, Ubuyobozi Bukuru bwa Gasutamo bwatangaje ingamba nshya 16 zo gushyigikira iterambere ry’akarere ka Yangtze River Delta, zibanda ku ngingo eshanu: gushyigikira iterambere ry’umusaruro mushya mwiza, guteza imbere kugabanya ikiguzi no kunoza imikorere y’ibicuruzwa, gushyiraho ibidukikije byo ku rwego rwo hejuru by’ubucuruzi ku byambu, kurinda umutekano w’igihugu mu buryo bwimazeyo, no kunoza uburinganire muri rusange bw’ubwenge n’amazi.

Kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwo gucunga ibitabo by’ubwikorezi bifite ingwate no guteza imbere iterambere ry’ubucuruzi bw’ibikoresho bifite ingwate, Ubuyobozi Bukuru bwa Gasutamo bwafashe icyemezo cyo gushyira mu bikorwa imicungire y’ibitabo by’ubwikorezi bifite ingwate kuva ku ya 1 Mutarama 2025.

Ku ya 20 Ukuboza 2024, Ikigo gishinzwe Imari cya Leta cyasohoye ingamba zo kugenzura no gucunga ibigo by’ubwishingizi bw’inguzanyo zoherezwa mu mahanga by’Ubushinwa (zizwi nka ingamba), zigaragaza ibisabwa mu mategeko agenga ibigo by’ubwishingizi bw’inguzanyo zoherezwa mu mahanga mu bijyanye n’imikorere, imiyoborere y’ibigo, imicungire y’ibyago, igenzura ry’imbere mu gihugu, imicungire y’ubushobozi bwo kwishyura, inkunga n’imbogamizi, kugenzura no gucunga, no gukomeza gushimangira gukumira no kugenzura ibyago. Kunoza igenzura ry’imbere mu gihugu.
Izi ngamba zizatangira gukurikizwa ku ya 1 Mutarama 2025.

Ku ya 11 Ukuboza 2024, ibiro by’uhagarariye ubucuruzi muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika byasohoye itangazo rivuga ko nyuma y’isuzuma ry’imyaka ine ryakozwe n’ubutegetsi bwa Biden, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zizamura imisoro ku bicuruzwa bya silikoni, polysilicon na bimwe mu bicuruzwa bya tungsten bitumizwa mu Bushinwa kuva mu ntangiriro z’umwaka utaha.
Igipimo cy'umusoro ku bicuruzwa bya silikoni na polysilicon kizongerwaho kugeza kuri 50%, naho igipimo cy'umusoro ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe bya tungsten kizongerwaho kugeza kuri 25%. Uku kwiyongera kw'umusoro kuzatangira gukurikizwa ku ya 1 Mutarama 2025.

Ku ya 28 Ukwakira 2024, Minisiteri y’Imari ya Amerika yasohoye ku mugaragaro Itegeko rya nyuma rigabanya ishoramari ry’ibigo bya Amerika mu Bushinwa ("Amategeko yerekeye ishoramari rya Amerika mu ikoranabuhanga ryihariye ry’umutekano w’igihugu n’ibicuruzwa mu bihugu bifite impungenge"). Kugira ngo hashyirwe mu bikorwa "Igisubizo ku ishoramari rya Amerika mu ikoranabuhanga ry’umutekano w’igihugu n’ibicuruzwa by’ibihugu bimwe na bimwe bifite impungenge" ryashyizweho umukono na Perezida Biden ku ya 9 Kanama 2023 (Iteka rya Executive 14105, "Iteka rya Executive").
Itegeko rya nyuma rizatangira gukurikizwa ku ya 2 Mutarama 2025.
Iri tegeko rifatwa nk'ingenzi cyane kuri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu kugabanya umubano wa hafi n'Ubushinwa mu bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, kandi ryahangayikishijwe cyane n'ishoramari n'inganda zikora ikoranabuhanga rigezweho hirya no hino ku isi kuva ryatangira gukorwa.