1. Incamake y'urwego rw'inganda:
Izina ryuzuye rya acide polylactique ni acide poly lactique cyangwa acide poly lactique. Nibintu byinshi bya polyester polyester yabonetse kubwo polymerisation hamwe na acide lactique cyangwa acide lactique dimer lactide nka monomer. Nibintu bya sintetike yo hejuru ya molekuline kandi ifite ibiranga ishingiro ryibinyabuzima no kwangirika. Kugeza ubu, aside polylactique ni plastiki ishobora kwangirika hamwe ninganda zikuze cyane, umusaruro mwinshi kandi ukoreshwa cyane kwisi. Hejuru yinganda za acide polylactique nubwoko bwose bwibikoresho fatizo byibanze, nkibigori, ibisheke, beterave yisukari, nibindi, kugera hagati ni ugutegura aside polylactique, naho epfo na ruguru ni ugukoresha aside polylactique, harimo no kurengera ibidukikije ibikoresho byo kumeza, gupakira ibidukikije, nibindi.
2. Inganda zo hejuru
Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho fatizo by’inganda zo mu bwoko bwa polylactique ni aside ya lactique, kandi aside ya lactique itegurwa ahanini mu bigori, ibisheke, beterave yisukari nibindi bicuruzwa bikomoka ku buhinzi. Kubwibyo, inganda zo guhinga ibihingwa byiganjemo ibigori ninganda zo hejuru zinganda za polylactique. Urebye umusaruro w’ibigori by’Ubushinwa n’ahantu ho gutera, umusaruro w’ibigori mu Bushinwa uzagera kuri toni miliyoni 272.55 mu 2021, hamwe n’ubunini bunini, kandi ubuso bwo gutera buhagaze kuri hegitari miliyoni 40-45 mu myaka myinshi. Duhereye ku gutanga igihe kirekire mu bigori mu Bushinwa, birashoboka ko itangwa ry'ibigori rizakomeza guhagarara neza mu gihe kiri imbere.
Naho ibindi bikoresho fatizo bishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora aside ya lactique, nk'ibisheke na beterave isukari, umusaruro w'Ubushinwa mu 2021 wari toni miliyoni 15.662, wari munsi ugereranyije n'iy'imyaka yashize, ariko uracyari ku rwego rusanzwe. Kandi inganda ku isi nazo zirimo gushakisha byimazeyo uburyo bushya bwo gutegura aside ya lactique, nko gukoresha isoko yisukari mumibabi yibiti nk'ibyatsi n'ibiti byo gutegura aside ya lactique cyangwa gushakisha uburyo bwo gukoresha metani kugirango ubyare aside ya lactique. Muri rusange, itangwa ryinganda zo hejuru ya acide polylactique izaba ihagaze neza mugihe kizaza.
3. Inganda zo hagati
Nkibikoresho byangirika rwose, aside polylactique irashobora kuzana ibikoresho fatizo muri sisitemu yo kuvugurura umutungo no gutunganya ibintu, bifite ibyiza ibikoresho bishingiye kuri peteroli bidafite. Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa rya aside polylactique ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu iriyongera. Imikoreshereze y’imbere mu 2021 ni toni 48071.9, ikiyongeraho 40% umwaka ushize.
Bitewe n'ubushobozi buke bwa acide polylactique mu Bushinwa, ubwinshi bwa aside irike itumizwa mu Bushinwa ni nini cyane kuruta ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Mu myaka yashize, ubwinshi bwa aside irike itumizwa mu mahanga yazamutse vuba bitewe n’imbere mu gihugu. Mu 2021, kwinjiza aside polylactique byageze kuri toni 25294.9. Kohereza ibicuruzwa bya aside polylactique nabyo byateye imbere cyane mu 2021, bigera kuri toni 6205.5, umwaka ushize byiyongera 117%.
Raporo ijyanye nayo: raporo yisesengura ryiterambere ryiterambere hamwe n’iterambere ry’iterambere ry’inganda zikomoka kuri acide polylactique mu Bushinwa kuva 2022 kugeza 2028 zatanzwe na Zhiyan ubujyanama
4. Inganda zo hasi
Mubikorwa byo hasi, aside polylactique yakoreshejwe mubice byinshi hamwe na biocompatibilité idasanzwe hamwe na biodegradability. Kugeza ubu, yakoreshejwe cyane mubipfunyika byurwego rwibiryo, ibikoresho byo kumeza, gupakira imifuka ya firime nibindi bicuruzwa nimirima. Kurugero, firime yubuhinzi ikozwe muri acide polylactique irashobora kwangirika burundu ikabura nyuma yo gusarura imyaka, ibyo ntibizagabanya amazi nuburumbuke bwubutaka, ariko kandi birinda amafaranga yinyongera yumurimo nigikorwa gisabwa kugirango isubirane firime ya plastike, niyo nzira rusange yiterambere rya firime ya plastike mubushinwa mugihe kizaza. Ubuso butwikiriwe na firime ya pulasitike mu Bushinwa ni hegitari 18000, naho gukoresha firime ya plastike muri 2020 ni toni 1357000. Iyo firime ya pulasitike yangiritse ishobora kwamamara, inganda za aside polylactique zifite umwanya munini witerambere mugihe kizaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-14-2022